Kwa odwala omwe atsala pang'ono kukhala ndi m'malo mwa chiuno kapena akuganiza zosintha chiuno m'tsogolomu, pali zisankho zambiri zofunika. Chisankho chofunikira ndikusankha malo opangira ma prosthetic othandizira kuti alowe m'malo: zitsulo-pazitsulo, zitsulo-pa-polyethylene, ceramic-on-polyethylene, kapena ceramic-on-ceramic. Nthawi zina, izi zimatha kukhala zovuta!
Opaleshoni yonse ya m'chiuno ingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo mwa nyamakazi ya m'chiuno, pogwiritsa ntchito prosthesis yochita kupanga kuti athetse ululu wobwera chifukwa chakusisita.
Ma prostheses opangira olowa amapangidwa kuti apatse odwala kukhazikika komanso kung'ambika pang'ono. Mapulani achikale achitsulo ndi polyethylene akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira 1960s, koma kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo kwapangitsa kuti zida za ceramic ndi zinthu zina zichuluke kwambiri.
M'chiuno olowa m'malo implants
Limodzi mwamavuto omwe amapezeka kwambiri mukalowa m'malo mwa ntchafu ndikung'ambika kwa prosthesis yolumikizana ndi ntchito yabwinobwino. Malingana ndi momwe wodwalayo alili, monga msinkhu, kukula kwake, ntchito yake, ndi zomwe dokotala wachita popanga implants yeniyeni, chiuno cholowa m'malo mwake chingapangidwe ndi chitsulo, polyethylene (pulasitiki), kapena ceramic. Mwachitsanzo, ngati wodwalayo ali wokangalika kwambiri kapena wamng'ono ndipo amafuna kuyenda kwapamwamba pambuyo pa opaleshoni, dokotala wa opaleshoni ya mafupa angapangire implant ya chiuno cha ceramic.
1,Mutu wa mpira wachitsulondi polyethylene (pulasitiki).
Mipira yachitsulo yokhazikika ndi zomangira za chikho cha polyethylene zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 1960. Kafukufuku wasayansi akuwonetsa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zomangira za polyethylene zotsogola, zotchedwa "highly cross-linked" polyethylene liners, kungachepetse kwambiri kuvala kwa implants. Chifukwa cha kulimba kwake komanso zinthu zina zokhudzana nazo, zitsulo za polyethylene zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa madokotala ochita opaleshoni a mafupa a zigawo zopanga za m'chiuno kuyambira pamene maopaleshoni oyambirira a m'chiuno adachitidwa. Mpira wachitsulo umapangidwa ndi cobalt-chromium alloy ndipo chinsalucho chimapangidwa ndi polyethylene.
2,Ceramic mpira mutundi polyethylene (pulasitiki).
Malangizo a Ceramic ndi olimba kuposa chitsulo ndipo ndizomwe zimapangidwira kwambiri zolimbana ndi kukanda. Ma Ceramics omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pano pochita maopaleshoni olowa m'malo ali ndi malo olimba, osakanda, komanso osalala kwambiri omwe amatha kuchepetsa kwambiri mavalidwe a ma polyethylene friction interfaces. Kuthekera kwa kuvala kwa implant iyi ndi yotsika kuposa momwe chitsulo chimavalira pa polyethylene.
3、 Metal mpira mutu ndi zitsulo liner
Metal-on-metal friction interfaces (cobalt-chromium alloys, nthawi zina zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri) zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kale mu 1955, koma sizinavomerezedwe ndi FDA kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito ku United States mpaka 1999. Pamene teknoloji ikupita patsogolo, kuvala kumachepetsedwa kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti thupi likhale lochepa komanso kutayika kwa mafupa. Zitsulo zachitsulo zimapezeka mumitundu yosiyanasiyana (kuyambira 28mm mpaka 60mm), komanso njira zosiyanasiyana za kutalika kwa khosi. Komabe, malipoti a nthawi yayitali akuwonetsa kuti chitsulo, monga ion yogwira ntchito, imasonkhanitsa zinyalala zachitsulo chifukwa cha kutha kwa nthawi yaitali, zomwe zingayambitse kusungunuka kwa mafupa kuzungulira prosthesis, potsirizira pake kumayambitsa kumasula ndi kupunduka kwa prosthesis. Opaleshoniyo yalephera.
4、 Ceramic mpira mutu ndizitsulo za ceramic
M'chiuno ichi, mipira yachitsulo yachikhalidwe ndi zitsulo za polyethylene zasinthidwa ndi zitsulo zolimba kwambiri, zomwe zimadziwika kuti zimakhala zotsika kwambiri. Komabe, ngakhale ali ndi ubwino wapamwamba kwambiri ndi kuvala kochepa, iwo mosakayika ali ndi vuto la mtengo wapamwamba.
Chisankho chomaliza cha implant chidzatsimikiziridwa potengera momwe wodwalayo alili komanso momwe wodwalayo alili komanso ukadaulo wake, maphunziro, ndi ukatswiri wake kuti asinthe mwamakonda mankhwala a wopanga. Choncho, m'pofunika kukambirana ndi dokotala wanu opaleshoni ya mafupa musanachite opaleshoni kuti mumvetse mtundu wa implant yomwe akufuna kuti agwiritse ntchito pa opaleshoni yanu ya m'chiuno, komanso zifukwa zomwe mungasankhe.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-18-2024