Kwa odwala omwe akufuna kusinthidwa chiuno kapena omwe akuganiza zosintha chiuno mtsogolo, pali zisankho zambiri zofunika kupanga. Chosankha chachikulu ndi kusankha malo othandizira mafupa kuti asinthidwe mafupa: chitsulo-pa-chitsulo, chitsulo-pa-polyethylene, ceramic-pa-polyethylene, kapena ceramic-pa-ceramic. Nthawi zina, izi zingakhale zovuta!
Opaleshoni yonse yosinthira chiuno ingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'malo mwa cholumikizira cha m'chiuno cha nyamakazi, pogwiritsa ntchito cholumikizira chopangira chopangira kuti muchepetse ululu womwe umabwera chifukwa chokanda pamalo olumikizirana.
Ma prostheses opangidwa ndi majeremusi amapangidwa kuti apatse odwala kukhazikika kwakukulu komanso kuchepa kwa kuwonongeka. Zipangizo zachikhalidwe zopangira zitsulo ndi polyethylene zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira m'ma 1960, koma kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo kwapangitsa kuti zinthu zadothi ndi zina ziyambe kutchuka kwambiri.
Zipangizo zoyikira m'malo mwa mafupa a m'chiuno
Vuto limodzi lofala kwambiri pambuyo posintha chiuno ndi kuwonongeka kwa cholumikizira cha mafupa chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito bwino. Kutengera ndi momwe wodwalayo alili, monga zaka, kukula, kuchuluka kwa ntchito, komanso zomwe dokotala wa opaleshoniyo wakumana nazo ndi cholumikizira cha mafupacho, cholumikizira cha mafupa cha mafupa cha mafupa chingapangidwe ndi chitsulo, polyethylene (pulasitiki), kapena ceramic. Mwachitsanzo, ngati wodwalayo ali ndi mphamvu zambiri kapena ali wachinyamata ndipo amafunika kuyenda bwino atachita opaleshoni, dokotala wa mafupa angakulangizeni kuti mugwiritse ntchito cholumikizira cha mafupa ...
1、Mutu wa mpira wachitsulondi polyethylene (pulasitiki) mkati.
Mipira yachitsulo yokhazikika ndi zoyikamo makapu a polyethylene zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1960. Kafukufuku wa sayansi akuwonetsa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito zoyikamo bwino za polyethylene, zomwe zimadziwika kuti "zolumikizidwa kwambiri" za polyethylene, kungachepetse kwambiri kuwonongeka kwa ma implants. Chifukwa cha kulimba kwake komanso zinthu zina zokhudzana nazo, polyethylene yachitsulo yakhala chinthu chofunikira kwambiri kwa madokotala ochita opaleshoni ya mafupa pazinthu zopangira chiuno kuyambira pomwe opaleshoni yoyamba yosinthira chiuno idachitika. Mpira wachitsulo umapangidwa ndi cobalt-chromium alloy ndipo mkati mwake mumapangidwa ndi polyethylene.
2、Mutu wa mpira wa ceramicndi polyethylene (pulasitiki) mkati
Nsonga za ceramic ndi zolimba kuposa chitsulo ndipo ndi zinthu zomangira zomwe sizimakanda kwambiri. Zida za ceramic zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga opaleshoni yobwezeretsa mafupa zili ndi malo olimba, osakanda, komanso osalala kwambiri omwe amachepetsa kwambiri kuwonongeka kwa ma interface a polyethylene friction. Kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa ceramic iyi ndi kochepa kuposa kuchuluka kwa kuwonongeka kwa chitsulo pa polyethylene.
3、 Mutu wa mpira wachitsulo ndi choyikapo chachitsulo
Ma interface achitsulo-pa-chitsulo (cobalt-chromium alloys, nthawi zina chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri) akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira mu 1955, koma sanavomerezedwe ndi FDA kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito ku United States mpaka mu 1999. Pamene ukadaulo ukupita patsogolo, kutha kwa ntchito kumachepa kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kutupa ndi kutayika kwa mafupa kuchepe. Ma bearing achitsulo amapezeka m'makulidwe osiyanasiyana (kuyambira 28mm mpaka 60mm), komanso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya kutalika kwa khosi. Komabe, malipoti a nthawi yayitali pambuyo pa opaleshoni akusonyeza kuti chitsulo, monga ayoni yogwira ntchito, chimasonkhanitsa zinyalala zachitsulo chifukwa cha kuwonongeka kwa nthawi yayitali, zomwe zingayambitse kusungunuka kwa mafupa mozungulira cholumikizira, zomwe pamapeto pake zimapangitsa kuti cholumikizira chikhale chomasuka komanso chosinthika. Opaleshoniyo inalephera.
4、 Mutu wa mpira wa ceramic ndichophimba cha ceramic
M'chiuno mwanu, mipira yachitsulo yachikhalidwe ndi ma polyethylene liners asinthidwa ndi zoumba zadothi zolimba kwambiri, zomwe zimadziwika kuti sizimawonongeka kwambiri. Komabe, ngakhale zili ndi ubwino wokhala ndi khalidwe labwino komanso losawonongeka kwambiri, zimakhalanso ndi vuto la mtengo wotsika.
Kusankha komaliza kwa implant kudzatsimikiziridwa kutengera thanzi la wodwalayo ndipo kudzafunikanso ukatswiri, maphunziro, ndi luso la dokotala wa mafupa kuti asinthe mtundu wa chinthu chomwe wopanga amapanga. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kukambirana ndi dokotala wanu wa mafupa musanachite opaleshoni kuti mumvetse mtundu wa implant yomwe akufuna kugwiritsa ntchito pa opaleshoni yanu yosinthira chiuno, komanso zifukwa zosankhira implant inayake.
Nthawi yotumizira: Januwale-18-2024