Njira Zochitira Opaleshoni ya Total Knee Arthroplasty

Kukonza mafupa a bondo lonse (TKA), yomwe imadziwikanso kuti opaleshoni yosinthira bondo lonse, ndi njira yosinthira bondo lowonongeka kapena loswekabondondichopangira chopangira kapena chopangira chopangiraKawirikawiri imachitidwa kuti ichepetse ululu ndikuwonjezera magwiridwe antchito mwa anthu omwe ali ndi nyamakazi yoopsa ya bondo, nyamakazi yotupa, nyamakazi yotuluka m'mavuto, kapena matenda ena omwe amakhudza bondo.

Nayi chidule cha njira zochitira opaleshoni zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza matenda a bondo lonse:

Kuwunika Asanayambe Opaleshoni: Odwala asanachite opaleshoni, amayesedwa mokwanira, kuphatikizapo kuwunika mbiri yachipatala, kuyezetsa thupi, maphunziro ojambula zithunzi (monga X-ray kapena MRI), ndipo nthawi zina kuyezetsa magazi. Izi zimathandiza gulu la opaleshoni kuwunika thanzi la wodwalayo ndikukonzekera njirayo moyenera.

Kuletsa kupweteka kwa bondo: Kuletsa kupweteka kwa bondo lonse nthawi zambiri kumachitika pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa kupweteka kwa msana, mankhwala oletsa kupweteka kwa msana, kapena kuphatikiza zonse ziwiri. Kusankha mankhwala oletsa kupweteka kumadalira thanzi la wodwalayo, zomwe amakonda, komanso malangizo a dokotala wa opaleshoni.

Kuduladula: Akangopatsidwa mankhwala oletsa ululu, dokotalayo amaduladula bondo. Kukula ndi malo odulira bondo kungasiyane malinga ndi zinthu monga thupi la wodwalayo komanso njira yochitira opaleshoni yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Malo odulira odziwika bwino ndi kutsogolo (kutsogolo), mbali (mbali), kapena kutsogolo kwa bondo (pakati).

Kuwonekera ndi Kukonzekera: Pambuyo pofika pa bondo, dokotalayo amasuntha mosamala minofu yozungulira kuti awonetse malo owonongeka a bondo. Kenako fupa ndi fupa lowonongeka zimachotsedwa pa fupa la femur (fupa la ntchafu), tibia (fupa la fupa la chiuno), ndipo nthawi zina patella (chipewa cha bondo) kuti akonzekeretse malo opangira opaleshoni.

Kuika bondo: Zigawo zopangira bondo zimapangidwa ndi zitsulo ndi pulasitiki zomwe zimapangidwa kuti zigwirizane ndi kapangidwe kachilengedwe ndi ntchito ya bondo. Zigawozi zikuphatikizapo chitsulogawo la femoral, chitsulo kapena pulasitikigawo la tibial, ndipo nthawi zina pulasitiki yokhala ndi patellar. Zigawozo zimamangiriridwa ku fupa pogwiritsa ntchito simenti ya fupa kapena njira zomangira fupa, kutengera mtundu wa choyikamo ndi zomwe dokotala wa opaleshoni amakonda.

Kutseka: Zigawo zopangira opaleshoni zikayikidwa bwino ndipo bondo litayesedwa kuti liziyenda bwino komanso kuti lizitha kuyenda bwino bwanji, dokotalayo amatseka chochekacho ndi ma spatula kapena ma staples. Chovala chopanda banga chimayikidwa pamalo odulidwawo.

Chisamaliro Pambuyo pa opaleshoni: Pambuyo pa opaleshoni, wodwalayo amayang'aniridwa mosamala pamalo ochiritsira asanasamutsidwire ku chipinda cha chipatala kapena malo osamalira odwala pambuyo pa opaleshoni. Kusamalira ululu, chithandizo cha thupi, ndi kukonzanso ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri pa dongosolo la chisamaliro pambuyo pa opaleshoni kuti apititse patsogolo kuchira, kubwezeretsa mphamvu ndi magwiridwe antchito a bondo, komanso kupewa mavuto.

Kukonza mawondo onse ndi njira yopambana kwambiri yomwe ingathandize kwambiri anthu omwe akuvutika ndi ululu wofooka wa bondo komanso kusagwira bwino ntchito. Komabe, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi opaleshoni iliyonse, pali zoopsa komanso zovuta zina, kuphatikizapo matenda, magazi kuundana, kumasuka kwa chogwirira, komanso kuuma. Ndikofunikira kuti odwala atsatire malangizo a dokotala wawo kuti azitha kusamalira bwino pambuyo pa opaleshoni kuti apeze zotsatira zabwino kwambiri.